GREM1_HUMAN O60565
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UniProt:O60565
Recommended name：Gremlin-1
EC number：
Alternative names：(Cell proliferation-inducing gene 2 protein) (Cysteine knot superfamily 1, BMP antagonist 1) (DAN domain family member 2) (Down-regulated in Mos-transformed cells protein) (Increased in high glucose protein 2) (IHG-2)
Cleaved into：
GeneID：26585
Gene names (primary )：GREM1
Gene names (synonym )：CKTSF1B1 DAND2 DRM
Gene names (ORF )：PIG2
Length：184
Mass：20697
Sequence：MSRTAYTVGALLLLLGTLLPAAEGKKKGSQGAIPPPDKAQHNDSEQTQSPQQPGSRNRGRGQGRGTAMPGEEVLESSQEALHVTERKYLKRDWCKTQPLKQTIHEEGCNSRTIINRFCYGQCNSFYIPRHIRKEEGSFQSCSFCKPKKFTTMMVTLNCPELQPPTKKKRVTRVKQCRCISIDLD
Tissue specificity：Highly expressed in small intestine, fetal brain and colon. Expression is restricted to intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts (ISEMFs) at the crypt base. In subjects with HMPS1, by contrast, GREM1 is expressed, not only in basal ISEMFs, but also at very high levels in epithelial cells (predominantly colonocytes), with expression extending most of the way up the sides of the crypt. Weakly expressed in brain, ovary, prostate, pancreas and skeletal muscle. In brain found in the region localized around the internal capsule in the large subcortical nuclei, including caudate, putamen, substantia nigra, thalamus and subthalamus. Predominantly expressed in normal cells including neurons, astrocytes and fibroblasts. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10894942, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22561515}.
Induction：By high glucose through TGFB1-mediated pathways in mesangial cell. Down-regulated in tumor cell lines. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10744662, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10894942}.
Developmental stage：
Protein families：DAN family