Summary
Performance
Immunogen
Application
Background
This gene encodes ubiquitin, one of the most conserved proteins known. Ubiquitin has a major role in targeting cellular proteins for degradation by the 26S proteosome. It is also involved in the maintenance of chromatin structure, the regulation of gene expression, and the stress response. Ubiquitin is synthesized as a precursor protein consisting of either polyubiquitin chains or a single ubiquitin moiety fused to an unrelated protein. This gene consists of three direct repeats of the ubiquitin coding sequence with no spacer sequence. Consequently, the protein is expressed as a polyubiquitin precursor with a final amino acid after the last repeat. An aberrant form of this protein has been detected in patients with Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. Pseudogenes of this gene are located on chromosomes 1, 2, 13, and 17. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeqfunction:Protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target lysines either as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Attachment to proteins as a Lys-48-linked polymer usually leads to their degradation by proteasome. Attachment to proteins as a monomer or as an alternatively linked polymer does not lead to proteasomal degradation and may be required for numerous functions, including maintenance of chromatin structure, regulation of gene expression, stress response, ribosome biogenesis and DNA repair.,miscellaneous:This ribosomal protein is synthesized as a C-terminal extension protein (CEP) of ubiquitin.,miscellaneous:Ubiquitin is synthesized as a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats differ between species and strains. In some species there is a final amino-acid after the last repeat, here in human a Val. Some ubiquitin genes contain a single copy of ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein (either L40 or S27a).,PTM:Several types of polymeric chains can be formed, depending on the lysine used for the assembly.,similarity:Belongs to the ribosomal protein S27Ae family.,similarity:Belongs to the ubiquitin family.,
Research Area
